Health A-Z

Jejunal atresia is a congenital condition where there is a partial or complete blockage in the small intestine, specifically in the jejunum. Here's an overview of its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

1. Abdominal Distention: Swelling or enlargement of the abdomen due to the accumulation of fluid and gas.
2. Vomiting: Persistent vomiting, which may be greenish or bile-stained.
3. Failure to Pass Meconium: Meconium is the first stool passed by newborns; failure to pass it within the first 24-48 hours of life can be a sign of intestinal obstruction.
4. Signs of Intestinal Obstruction: These may include decreased or absent bowel movements, abdominal pain, and irritability.
5. Weight Loss: In severe cases, there may be weight loss due to inadequate nutrient absorption.

1. Surgery: The main treatment for jejunal atresia is surgical repair. During the procedure, the blocked portion of the intestine is removed, and the healthy ends are reconnected (anastomosis). In some cases, a temporary colostomy or ileostomy may be created to divert stool away from the surgical site while it heals.
2. Intravenous Fluids: Fluids and electrolytes may be administered intravenously before and after surgery to correct dehydration and maintain hydration.
3. Nutritional Support: In cases where the baby is unable to tolerate oral feedings immediately after surgery, nutrition may be provided through intravenous fluids or a feeding tube until the intestine heals sufficiently.
4. Monitoring: Close monitoring of the baby's bowel function, tolerance of feeds, and overall clinical status is essential during the postoperative period.

1. Prenatal Ultrasound: Jejunal atresia may be detected during prenatal ultrasound examinations.
2. Physical Examination: Abdominal examination may reveal abdominal distention or a palpable mass.
3. Imaging Studies: X-rays or ultrasound of the abdomen can help confirm the diagnosis and determine the location and severity of the intestinal obstruction.
4. Barium Enema or Upper GI Series: These imaging tests involve swallowing a contrast agent, which can help visualize the anatomy of the small intestine and identify any obstructions.
5. Blood Tests: Blood tests may be performed to assess for signs of dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.