Health A-Z

Radiation injuries can occur due to exposure to ionizing radiation, either from accidents, occupational exposure, or medical treatments such as radiation therapy. Here's a breakdown of each aspect.

1. • Skin Damage: Redness, itching, blistering, and peeling of the skin are common symptoms of radiation dermatitis.
   • Hair Loss: Radiation therapy to the head or neck area can lead to temporary or permanent hair loss.
   • Mucositis: Inflammation and sores in the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract, causing pain, difficulty swallowing, and changes in taste.
   • Nausea and Vomiting: These symptoms can occur if radiation exposure affects the gastrointestinal tract or if the brain is irradiated.
   • Bone Marrow Suppression: Radiation can damage bone marrow, leading to decreased production of blood cells (anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia), which may cause fatigue, increased susceptibility to infections, and bleeding tendencies.
   • Damage to Organs: Depending on the dose and location of radiation, other organs may be affected, leading to symptoms such as urinary difficulties, neurological deficits, or gastrointestinal problems.

1. • Symptomatic Treatment: Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and promoting healing. This may include:
     • Topical treatments such as creams or ointments for skin reactions.
     • Pain management with medications such as analgesics or topical anesthetics.
     • Antimicrobial agents to prevent or treat infections.
     • Nutritional support to maintain adequate intake and address difficulties with eating due to mucositis.
   • Supportive Care: Rest, hydration, and proper skincare practices can help manage symptoms and support overall well-being during recovery.
   • Medical Interventions: In severe cases, medical interventions such as wound debridement, surgical repair, or blood transfusions may be necessary.

• Diagnosis of radiation injuries is typically based on clinical symptoms, history of radiation exposure, and physical examination by healthcare professionals.
• Imaging tests or other diagnostic procedures may be used to assess the extent of tissue damage and monitor the response to treatment.