Health A-Z

A slipped disc, also known as a herniated disc or a ruptured disc, occurs when the soft, gel-like center of a spinal disc protrudes through a tear in the tough outer layer. This can cause compression or irritation of nearby nerves, leading to various symptoms. Here's an overview of symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

1. Pain: The most common symptom is pain, which can vary in intensity and location depending on the location of the slipped disc. It may radiate along the nerve pathway, such as into the arms or legs.
2. Numbness or Tingling: Compression of nerves can cause numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected area, often extending down one arm or leg.
3. Muscle Weakness: Weakness in the muscles served by the affected nerves may occur, leading to difficulty in lifting objects or performing certain movements.
4. Changes in Reflexes: Reflexes may be affected, with diminished or exaggerated reflex responses.

1. Pain Management: Over-the-counter or prescription pain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or muscle relaxants, may be recommended to alleviate pain and discomfort.
2. Physical Therapy: A physical therapist can design a customized exercise program to strengthen the muscles supporting the spine, improve flexibility, and promote proper posture. They may also use techniques such as manual therapy or traction to relieve pressure on the affected area.
3. Epidural Steroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections may be administered directly into the area surrounding the affected nerve to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain.
4. Surgical Intervention: If conservative treatments fail to provide relief or if there is significant nerve compression causing severe symptoms, surgery may be considered. Surgical options may include discectomy (removal of the herniated portion of the disc) or spinal fusion (joining two or more vertebrae together to stabilize the spine).

1. Medical History and Physical Examination: Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, medical history, and perform a physical examination to assess your range of motion, reflexes, and muscle strength.
2. Imaging Tests: Imaging studies such as X-rays, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), or CT (Computed Tomography) scans may be ordered to visualize the spine and identify any abnormalities, including the location and severity of the herniated disc.