Health A-Z

Spastic colon, also known as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a cluster of symptoms related to the digestive system. While it can be distressing, it typically doesn't cause permanent damage to the colon and doesn't increase the risk of colon cancer.

1. Abdominal pain or discomfort: Often relieved after bowel movements.
2. Changes in bowel habits: Diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between the two.
3. Bloating and gas.
4. Mucus in the stool.
5. Feeling of incomplete bowel movement.

1. Lifestyle Changes:
   • Diet Modification: Identifying and avoiding trigger foods like caffeine, alcohol, spicy foods, and artificial sweeteners. Some find relief with a low FODMAP diet.
   • Fiber Supplements: Increasing fiber intake can help regulate bowel movements. However, some people with IBS may find high-fiber foods exacerbate symptoms.
   • Stress Management: Techniques such as yoga, meditation, or counseling can help manage stress, which can exacerbate IBS symptoms.
2. Medications:
   • Antispasmodic Medications: These can help reduce abdominal pain and cramping.
   • Anti-diarrheal Medications: For those with diarrhea-predominant IBS.
   • Laxatives: For those with constipation-predominant IBS.
   • Probiotics: Some evidence suggests that certain probiotics may help alleviate symptoms in some people.
3. Behavioral Therapy: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can be beneficial, particularly for those whose symptoms are strongly influenced by stress or anxiety.
4. Alternative Therapies: Acupuncture, herbal remedies, and other alternative therapies may provide relief for some individuals, although evidence is mixed.

1. Medical History: Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, medical history, and may perform a physical examination.
2. Diagnostic Criteria: Rome criteria are often used, which involve specific guidelines for diagnosing IBS based on the frequency and duration of symptoms.
3. Tests: There's no specific test for IBS, but your doctor may order tests to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms, such as inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, or colon cancer. These tests may include:
   • Blood tests
   • Stool tests
   • Colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy
   • Imaging tests like CT scans or MRIs