Health A-Z

Spasmodic dysphonia is a neurological condition that affects the muscles involved in speech production. It results in involuntary spasms or contractions of the vocal cords, causing interruptions in speech. Here's an overview of symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

1. Voice Changes: The primary symptom is a strained or strangled-sounding voice, which may be characterized by breaks or interruptions in speech.
2. Voice Quality: Speech may sound breathy, strained, or hoarse.
3. Voice Fatigue: Speaking for prolonged periods may lead to vocal fatigue or discomfort.
4. Difficulty with Specific Sounds or Words: Symptoms may be more pronounced with certain sounds or words.

1. Botulinum Toxin Injections: This is the most common treatment for spasmodic dysphonia. Botulinum toxin (Botox) is injected into the muscles of the vocal cords to temporarily weaken them, reducing spasms and improving voice quality. Repeat injections are typically needed every few months.
2. Voice Therapy: Speech therapy with a trained speech-language pathologist can help improve vocal technique, reduce tension, and optimize vocal function. Techniques may include relaxation exercises, breath support training, and strategies to manage symptoms.
3. Surgical Options: In some cases, surgery may be considered, particularly if other treatments have been ineffective. Procedures such as selective denervation may be performed to target specific muscles involved in the spasms.
4. Supportive Measures: Strategies to minimize vocal strain and maintain vocal health, such as staying hydrated, avoiding irritants like tobacco smoke, and practicing good vocal hygiene, can also be beneficial.

1. Medical History and Examination: Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history, and may perform a physical examination to assess your vocal cords and overall vocal function.
2. Speech Evaluation: A speech-language pathologist may conduct a comprehensive evaluation of your voice, including assessing pitch, loudness, resonance, and quality.
3. Laryngoscopy: This procedure involves using a laryngoscope to visualize the vocal cords and assess their movement and function. It can help confirm the diagnosis and rule out other possible causes of voice disorders.
4. Electromyography (EMG): In some cases, electromyography may be performed to evaluate the activity of the muscles involved in speech production.