Health A-Z

Gingivitis is a common and mild form of gum disease (periodontal disease) that causes irritation, redness, and swelling (inflammation) of your gingiva, the part of your gum around the base of your teeth. Here's a breakdown of symptoms, treatment plans, and diagnosis/testing for gingivitis.

1. Bleeding Gums: Often the most noticeable symptom, especially during brushing or flossing.
2. Swollen or Red Gums: The gums may appear swollen, tender, or red.
3. Receding Gums: Gums may start to pull away from the teeth, creating pockets.
4. Bad Breath: Persistent bad breath (halitosis) may develop.
5. Sensitive Gums: Gums may be more sensitive to touch or pressure.
6. Pain: Mild discomfort or pain in the gums may occur, particularly when eating or brushing teeth.
7. Changes in Gum Color: Gums may appear darker in color due to increased blood flow.

1. Professional Dental Cleaning: Removal of plaque and tartar (hardened plaque) through scaling and root planing.
2. Improved Oral Hygiene: Brushing teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and flossing daily to remove plaque.
3. Antibacterial Mouthwash: Use of an antimicrobial mouthwash to reduce bacteria and prevent plaque buildup.
4. Dental Check-ups: Regular dental check-ups and cleanings every six months or as recommended by your dentist.
5. Quit Smoking: Smoking can worsen gum disease and impair healing. Quitting smoking can improve gum health.
6. Healthy Diet: Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains promotes gum health and overall well-being.
7. Stress Management: Stress can weaken the immune system and increase the risk of gum disease. Practicing stress-reduction techniques can help.
8. Treatment of Underlying Conditions: Managing underlying conditions such as diabetes or hormonal changes may help improve gum health.

1. Dental Examination: A dentist or dental hygienist will visually inspect your gums for signs of inflammation, bleeding, and plaque buildup.
2. Probe Examination: A periodontal probe may be used to measure pocket depths between the gums and teeth. Deeper pockets can indicate more severe gum disease.
3. X-rays: X-rays may be taken to assess bone loss or other underlying issues associated with periodontal disease.