Health A-Z

Yeast infections, also known as candidiasis, are caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida albicans. They commonly affect the genital area but can also occur in other warm and moist parts of the body, such as the mouth or skin folds. Here's a breakdown of symptoms, treatment, and diagnosis.

1. Genital Yeast Infections (Vulvovaginal Candidiasis):

   • Itching and irritation in the vaginal area
   • Redness and swelling of the vulva
   • Burning sensation, especially during urination or intercourse
   • Cottage cheese-like discharge

2. Oral Yeast Infections (Oral Thrush):

   • Creamy white lesions on the tongue, inner cheeks, roof of the mouth, gums, or tonsils
   • Soreness or discomfort in the mouth
   • Difficulty swallowing

3. Skin Yeast Infections:

   • Red, rash-like patches with distinct edges
   • Itching or burning sensation
   • Sometimes, lesions or blisters may form

1. Antifungal Medications: The most common treatment for yeast infections is antifungal medications, which can be applied topically or taken orally.

   • Topical Treatments: Antifungal creams, ointments, or suppositories are usually applied directly to the affected area.
   • Oral Medications: In cases of severe or recurrent infections, oral antifungal medications may be prescribed.

2. Home Remedies: Some people find relief from symptoms by using over-the-counter antifungal creams, practicing good hygiene, wearing breathable underwear, and avoiding irritants like scented products or tight clothing.

3. Preventive Measures: To prevent recurrent yeast infections, it's important to maintain good hygiene practices, avoid douching, wear loose-fitting clothing, and manage underlying conditions such as diabetes or immune system disorders that may increase the risk of infections.

4. Partner Treatment: If you're in a sexual relationship, your partner may also need treatment, even if they don't have symptoms, to prevent reinfection.

1. Physical Examination: A healthcare provider may perform a physical examination to check for signs of yeast infection, such as redness, swelling, or discharge.

2. Microscopic Examination: Taking a sample of the affected area (vaginal discharge, mouth swab, or skin scraping) and examining it under a microscope can reveal the presence of yeast cells.

3. Culture Test: In some cases, a culture test may be done to identify the specific type of fungus causing the infection, especially if the diagnosis is uncertain or if the infection is recurrent.